MRI Spectroscopy / Ezine
Psychopathic wiring: Disturbed differences
Date: May 1, 2013
Author: David Bradley
Psychopathy is characterised as a personality disorder in which the afflicted lacks empathy for other people, feels no remorse for their actions regardless of whether they cause harm and in extreme cases leads to criminality. Now, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been used to reveal that the "circuitry" in the brains of criminal psychopaths is different from that in others.
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Journal Highlight: Frontal brain expansion during development using MRI and endocasts: Relation to microcephaly and Homo floresiensis
Date: Apr 22, 2013
Author: spectroscopyNOW
To determine if modern human brain evolution occurs via an expansion of the frontal lobes, the MRI scans of 118 living infants, children, and adolescents were reviewed and the frontal width, maximal cerebral width and maximal cerebral length were measured and compared.
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Gut instinct: Stem cell reactions
Date: Apr 1, 2013
Author: David Bradley
In research funded by Great Ormond Street Hospital Children's Charity and with support from the Fondazione Citta della Speranza, researchers have demonstrated that stem cells taken from amniotic fluid can be used to restore gut structure and function following intestinal damage in rodents. The new work published in the journal Gut uses magnetic resonance imaging and could pave the way to a new form of cell therapy that is able to reverse serious damage caused by inflammation in the intestines of babies.
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Journal Highlight: High-resolution MRI of early-stage mouse embryos
Date: Mar 24, 2013
Author: spectroscopyNOW
A method of imaging the mouse embryo from the early stages close to the onset of organogenesis uses a self-gated MRI protocol combined with image registration to obtain whole-embryo high-resolution 3D images.
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Evolutionary revelations: Positively not rhesus
Date: Mar 1, 2013
Author: David Bradley
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have demonstrated that humans have at least two functional networks in the brain's cerebral cortex that are not present in our relatively close relative, the rhesus monkey. The findings suggest that this characteristic of the human brain emerged some time during the evolutionary process between our primate ancestor and modern humans was probably not present in an ancestor common to rhesus monkeys and humans.
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Journal Highlight: Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI of the human lung
Date: Feb 25, 2013
Author: spectroscopyNOW
The replacement of 3He by 129Xe as an MRI contrast agent is discussed with special reference to the evaluation of pulmonary structure and function.
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Martian metabolism: The rise and fall of salt
Date: Feb 1, 2013
Author: David Bradley
An MRI study of members of the Russian "Mars500" mission by Jens Titze and colleagues has looked at how the volunteers' sodium levels change in cycles lasting a week or even a month. The study published in the journal Cell Metabolism, suggests that the conventional wisdom regarding excretion of sodium keeping levels constant in the body ought to be revised.
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Journal Highlight: Adherence to MRI protocol consensus guidelines in multiple sclerosis: An Australian multi-centre study
Date: Jan 28, 2013
Author: spectroscopyNOW
MRI studies performed on Australians presenting with a first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system demyelination were reviewed for adherence to published guidelines and the practical implementation of recently updated multiple sclerosis guidelines was discussed.
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Cradle to grave: Brain scanning
Date: Jan 7, 2013
Author: David Bradley
Structural changes in the brain revealed by magnetic resonance imaging are tied to common gene variants linked to disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and autism and can be observed in brain scans of newborn infants.
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Journal Highlight: The use of magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating horses with spinal ataxia
Date: Dec 19, 2012
Author: spectroscopyNOW
Horses with spinal ataxia underwent clinical and neurologic examinations, cervical radiographs, euthanasia and MRI of the cervical spine and necropsy to determine the accuracy of MRI for diagnosing cervical stenotic myelopathy in horses.
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