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Separation and enrichment of six indicator polychlorinated biphenyls from real waters using a novel magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotube composite absorbent
Published: Jan 30, 2015
Author(s): Jiabin Zhang, Ning Gan, Muyun Pan, Saichai Lin, Yuting Cao, Dazhen Wu, Nengbing Long
Journal: Journal of Separation Science
A novel and effective magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotube composite for the separation and enrichment of polychlorinated biphenyls was developed. Fe3O4@SiO2 core–shell structured nanoparticles were first synthesized, then the poly(sodium 4‐styrenesulfonate) was laid on its surface to prepare the polyanionic magnetic nanoparticles. The above materials were then grafted with polycationic multiwalled carbon nanotubes, which were modified by...
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Differences in electrophoretic behavior between linear and branched PEG‐conjugated proteins
Published: Jan 30, 2015
Author(s): Eun Ji Park, Myung Sun Kim, Hye Suk Lee, Kang Choon Lee, Dong Hee Na
Journal: ELECTROPHORESIS
The objective of this study was to characterize the differences in electrophoretic behavior between linear and branched PEG‐conjugated proteins. Human growth hormone and alpha‐lactalbumin modified by linear or branched PEGs with molecular weight of 10 kDa were analyzed by SEC, MALDI‐TOF MS, SDS‐PAGE, and microchip CGE (MCGE). Chromatographic and mass spectrometric differences between the linear and branched PEG‐proteins on SEC and...
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Determination of the correct migration time and other parameters of the Haarhoff–van der Linde function from the peak geometry characteristics
Published: Jan 30, 2015
Author(s): Pavel Dubský, Martin Dvořák, Ludmila Műllerová, Bohuslav Gaš
Journal: ELECTROPHORESIS
For Gaussian peaks, the migration time of the analyte results as the position of the top of the peak and the zone variance is proportional to the peak width. Similar relations have not yet been derived for the Haarhoff–van der Linde (HVL) function, which appears as a fundamental peak‐shape function in electrophoresis. We derive the relations between the geometrical measures of the HVL‐shaped peak, that is the position of its maximum, its...
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Global properties and propensity to dimerization of the amyloid‐beta (12–28) peptide fragment through the modeling of its monomer and dimer diffusion coefficients and electrophoretic mobilities
Published: Jan 29, 2015
Author(s): Julio A. Deiber, Marta B. Peirotti, Maria V. Piaggio
Journal: ELECTROPHORESIS
Neuronal activity loss may be due to toxicity caused mainly by amyloid‐beta (1–40) and (1–42) peptides forming soluble oligomers. Here the amyloid‐beta (12–28) peptide fragment (monomer) and its dimer are characterized at low pH through the modeling of their diffusion coefficients and effective electrophoretic mobilities. Translational diffusion coefficient experimental values of monomer and dimer analogs of this peptide fragment and...
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Comparative enantiomer affinity pattern of β‐blockers in aqueous and nonaqueous CE using single‐component anionic cyclodextrins
Published: Jan 29, 2015
Author(s): Ying Feng, Tingting Wang, Zhengjin Jiang, Bezhan Chankvetadze, Jacques Crommen
Journal: ELECTROPHORESIS
A series of eight chiral β‐blocker drugs, acebutolol, atenolol, carazolol, carteolol, carvedilol, propranolol, sotalol, and talinolol, have been enantioseparated using two single‐component anionic β‐CD derivatives, namely heptakis (2,3‐di‐O‐methyl‐6‐sulfo)‐β‐CD (HDMS‐β‐CD) and heptakis (2,3‐di‐O‐acetyl‐6‐sulfo)‐β‐CD (HDAS‐β‐CD), in aqueous CE and NACE. The influence of the nature of substituents (methyl or acetyl) in positions 2 and 3 on the CD...
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Separation mechanisms for palonosetron stereoisomers at different chiral selector concentrations in MEKC
Published: Jan 29, 2015
Author(s): Shao‐Qiang Hu, Xu‐Ming Guo, Hai‐Jun Shi, Rong‐Jie Luo
Journal: ELECTROPHORESIS
The separation mechanisms for palonosetron (PALO) stereoisomers in MEKC using sodium cholate (SC) as surfactant and chiral selector have been studied, in a wide range of concentrations below and above the CMC. It was found that SC micelles only provide chirally selective recognition for 3a carbon chiral center in PALO molecules. The resolution of the configurations of 2 carbon chiral center is achieved by the difference of mobility in...
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Computer simulation of electrophoretic aspects of enantiomer migration and separation in capillary electrochromatography with a neutral selector
Published: Jan 29, 2015
Author(s): Wolfgang Thormann, Jitka Caslavska, Richard A. Mosher
Journal: ELECTROPHORESIS
A computer simulation study describing the electrophoretic separation and migration of methadone enantiomers in presence of free and immobilized (2‐hydroxypropyl)‐β‐CD is presented. The 1:1 interaction of methadone with the neutral CD was simulated by using experimentally determined mobilities and complexation constants for the complexes in a low‐pH BGE comprising phosphoric acid and KOH. The use of complex mobilities represents free...
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Enhancement of electrophoretic mobility of microparticles near a solid wall—Experimental verification
Published: Jan 29, 2015
Author(s): Qian Liang, Cunlu Zhao, Chun Yang
Journal: ELECTROPHORESIS
Although the existing theories have predicted enhancement of electrophoretic mobility of microparticles near a solid wall, the relevant experimental studies are rare. This is mainly due to difficulties in experimentally controlling and measuring particle‐wall separations under dynamic electrophoretic conditions. This paper reports an experimental verification of the enhancement of electrophoretic mobility of a microparticle moving near...
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Total reflection X‐Ray fluorescence spectroscopy to study Pb and Zn accumulation in zebrafish embryos
Published: Jan 29, 2015
Author(s): Fabjola Bilo, Sdenka Moscoso, Laura Borgese, Maria V. Delbarba, Annalisa Zacco, Alberto Bosio, Stefania Federici, Michela Guarienti, Marco Presta, Elza Bontempi, Laura E. Depero
Journal: X-Ray Spectrometry
Biotoxicity tests are used to evaluate potential harmful effects of chemical substances. Among them, zebrafish embryo toxicity test is a well‐established procedure to study the negative effects of heavy metals. In respect to this, the measurement of the metal content accumulated in embryos during the toxicity test may help to understand adverse effects and identify target organs. However, because of the small masses involved, an...
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Multivariate curve resolution alternating least squares in the quantitative determination of sulfur using overlapped S(K α )–Mo(L α ) emission peaks by wavelength dispersive X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry
Published: Jan 29, 2015
Author(s): Jahan B. Ghasemi, Mohammad K. Rofouei, Nayereh Amiri
Journal: X-Ray Spectrometry
Spectral line overlap is a serious problem in quantitative X‐ray fluorescence analysis. In this study multivariate curve resolution alternating least squares (MCR‐ALS) approach was used to resolve the effect of overlapping S(Kα)–Mo(Lα) emission lines generated by standard‐less software of a wavelength dispersive X‐ray fluorescence spectrometer (WDXRF) for the quantitative monitoring of sulfur in mineral samples. Scan channel set contained Ge crystal,...
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Liquid chromatography under limiting conditions of desorption 6: Separation of a four‐component polymer blend
Published: Jan 28, 2015
Author(s): Dušan Berek, Eva Macová
Journal: Journal of Separation Science
Baseline separation was achieved of a model four‐component polymer blend of polystyrene‐poly(methyl methacrylate)‐poly(ethylene oxide)‐poly(2‐vinyl pyridine) in a single chromatographic run with help of the unconventional method of liquid chromatography under limiting conditions of desorption. Narrow barriers of liquids were employed, which selectively decelerated elution of particular kinds of macromolecules. Bare silica gel was the...
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New peak broadening parameter for the characterization of separation capability in capillary electrophoresis
Published: Jan 28, 2015
Author(s): Viktoria V. Sursyakova, Anatoly I. Rubaylo
Journal: Journal of Separation Science
The influence of separation conditions on peak broadening is usually estimated by the number of theoretical plates. Using the data available in literature and experimental data, it is shown that in pressure‐assisted capillary electrophoresis the plate number is not directly related to the separation capability of conditions used. The experiments at different electrolyte flow velocities demonstrate that a higher plate number (the best...
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Poly( l ‐lactic acid)‐modified silica stationary phase for reversed‐phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography
Published: Jan 28, 2015
Author(s): Kaname Ohyama, Shizuka Takasago, Naoya Kishikawa, Naotaka Kuroda
Journal: Journal of Separation Science
Poly(l‐lactic acid) is a linear aliphatic thermoplastic polyester that can be produced from renewable resources. A poly(l‐lactic acid)‐modified silica stationary phase was newly prepared by amide bond reaction between amino groups on aminopropyl silica and carboxylic acid groups at the end of the poly(l‐lactic acid) chain. The poly(l‐lactic acid)‐silica column was characterized in reversed‐phase liquid chromatography and hydrophilic interaction liquid...
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Proteome profiling of keratinocytes transforming to malignancy
Published: Jan 28, 2015
Author(s): Verena Paulitschke, Christopher Gerner, Elisabeth Hofstätter, Thomas Mohr, Rupert Laurenz Mayer, Hubert Pehamberger, Rainer Kunstfeld
Journal: ELECTROPHORESIS
To shed light on the multistep process of squamous cell carcinoma development and the underlying pathologic mechanisms, we performed comparative proteome analysis of keratinocytes, keratinocytes stimulated with Il‐1beta, and A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells. Fractionation of the cells into supernatant, nucleus, and cytoplasm was followed by protein separation, proteolytic digest, and nano‐LC separation, and fragmentation using an ion trap...
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Gold nanomaterials based pseudostationary phases in capillary electrophoresis: A brand‐new attempt at chondroitin sulfate isomers separation
Published: Jan 28, 2015
Author(s): Ting Zhao, Guanglian Zhou, Yuanhong Wu, Xiumei Liu, Fengshan Wang
Journal: ELECTROPHORESIS
In this work, a CE method with bare gold nanorods (GNRs) based pseudostationary phase was developed and applied for the separation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) isomers, CS, and dermatan sulfate (DS). The separation efficiency was investigated by varying the experimental parameters such as concentration and pH of the BGE, separation voltage, internal diameter of capillary, different size, and morphology of gold nanomaterials. Results showed...
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Optimized sample preparation strategy for the analysis of low molecular mass adducts of a fluorescent cisplatin analogue in cancer cell lines by CE‐dual‐LIF
Published: Jan 28, 2015
Author(s): Robert Zabel, Maximilian Kullmann, Ganna V. Kalayda, Ulrich Jaehde, Günther Weber
Journal: ELECTROPHORESIS
Pt‐based anticancer drugs, such as cisplatin, are known to undergo several (bio‐)chemical transformation steps after administration. Hydrolysis and adduct formation with small nucleophiles and larger proteins are their most relevant reactions on the way to the final reaction site (DNA), but there are still many open questions regarding the identity and pharmacological relevance of various proposed adducts and intermediates. Furthermore,...
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Energy dispersive X‐ray diffraction and fluorescence portable system for cultural heritage applications
Published: Jan 28, 2015
Author(s): Ariadna Mendoza Cuevas, Federico Bernardini, Alessandra Gianoncelli, Claudio Tuniz
Journal: X-Ray Spectrometry
A portable X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) system, based on energy dispersive detection in reflection geometry, has been developed for the non‐invasive study of cultural heritage materials. This analytical system is an open‐work platform based on a low‐power miniaturized X‐ray tube (Ag anode), a single Si‐drift detector, and a set of collimators that have been mounted on a compact and versatile manual or motorized...
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Multibody collision contribution to the slowing down of charged particles through metals
Published: Jan 28, 2015
Author(s): V. Molinari, F. Teodori
Journal: X-Ray Spectrometry
Investigating charged particle transport through solid matter is important in those fields, such as particle induced x‐ray emission analysis, where quantifying and identifying the reactions produced in the medium are of fundamental interest. A rigorous approach by solving the transfer equation means to face many difficulties most of which arise from the long range nature of the Coulomb interactions, involving more than one particle...
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Validated green high‐performance liquid chromatographic methods for the determination of coformulated pharmaceuticals: A comparison with reported conventional methods
Published: Jan 27, 2015
Author(s): Eman S. Elzanfaly, Maha A. Hegazy, Samah S. Saad, Maissa Y. Salem, Laila E. Abd El Fattah
Journal: Journal of Separation Science
The introduction of sustainable development concepts to analytical laboratories has recently gained interest, however, most conventional high‐performance liquid chromatography methods do not consider either the effect of the used chemicals or the amount of produced waste on the environment. The aim of this work was to prove that conventional methods can be replaced by greener ones with the same analytical parameters. The suggested methods...
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Rapid and sensitive analysis of multiple bioactive constituents in tripterygium glycosides tablets using liquid chromatography coupled with time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Published: Jan 27, 2015
Author(s): Meng‐xiang Su, Wen‐di Zhou, Juan Lan, Bin Di, Tai‐jun Hang
Journal: Journal of Separation Science
A simultaneous determination method based on liquid chromatography coupled with time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry was developed for the analysis of 11 bioactive constituents in tripterygium glycosides tablets, an immune and inflammatory prescription used in China. The analysis was fully optimized on a 1.8 μm particle size C18 column with linear gradient elution, permitting good separation of the 11 analytes and two internal standards in 21 min. ...
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