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Unedited in vivo detection and quantification of γ‐aminobutyric acid in the occipital cortex using short‐TE MRS at 3 T
Published: May 22, 2013
Author(s): Jamie Near, Jesper Andersson, Eduard Maron, Ralf Mekle, Rolf Gruetter, Philip Cowen, Peter Jezzard
Journal: NMR in Biomedicine
Short‐TE MRS has been proposed recently as a method for the in vivo detection and quantification of γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the human brain at 3 T. In this study, we investigated the accuracy and reproducibility of short‐TE MRS measurements of GABA at 3 T using both simulations and experiments. LCModel analysis was performed on a large number of simulated spectra with known metabolite input concentrations. Simulated spectra were generated ...
Read MoreAn embedded four‐channel receive‐only RF coil array for fMRI experiments of the somatosensory pathway in conscious awake marmosets
Published: May 22, 2013
Author(s): Daniel Papoti, Cecil Chern‐Chyi Yen, Julie B. Mackel, Hellmut Merkle, Afonso C. Silva
Journal: NMR in Biomedicine
fMRI has established itself as the main research tool in neuroscience and brain cognitive research. The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is a non‐human primate model of increasing interest in biomedical research. However, commercial MRI coils for marmosets are not generally available. The present work describes the design and construction of a four‐channel receive‐only surface RF coil array with excellent signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) specifically...
Read MoreAntioxidant activity, lipophilicity and extractability of polyphenols from pig skin – development of analytical methods for skin permeation studies
Published: May 22, 2013
Author(s): Olesya V. Zillich, Ute Schweiggert‐Weisz, Katrin Hasenkopf, Peter Eisner, Martina Kerscher
Journal: Biomedical Chromatography
ABSTRACT Permeation of polyphenols through the stratum corneum barrier is a precondition for the protective action of polyphenols against oxidative skin damage. Prior to in vitro skin permeation experiments, we developed a method for the quantification of polyphenols in pig skin, including organic solvent extraction and HPLC analysis. Catechine hydrate, epigallocatechin gallate, trans‐resveratrol, quercetin, rutin and protocatechuic acid were...
Read MoreThe chiral bioconversion and preclinical pharmacokinetic analysis of ( R )‐(+)‐rabeprazole in beagle dogs by HPLC and HPLC‐MS/MS
Published: May 22, 2013
Author(s): Yan‐hui Gao, Jia‐xing Xu, Zhong‐xue Su, Li Song, Hong‐xiang Lou
Journal: Biomedical Chromatography
ABSTRACT In order to accurately investigate the preclinical pharmacokinetics of (R)‐(+)‐rabeprazole sodium injection, a reliable high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed using a Chiral‐AGP column to prove that there is no chiral bioconversion of (R)‐(+)‐rabeprazole to (S)‐(−)‐rabeprazole in beagle dogs after single intravenous administration of (R)‐(+)‐rabeprazole sodium injection. An HPLC–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS)...
Read MoreSimultaneous measurements of fuel vapor concentration and temperature in a flash‐boiling propane jet using laser‐induced gratings
Published: May 22, 2013
Author(s): B. Roshani, A. Flügel, I. Schmitz, D. N. Kozlov, T. Seeger, L. Zigan, J. Kiefer, A. Leipertz
Journal: Journal of Raman Spectroscopy
To enhance the efficiency of direct injection engines, the understanding of the combustible mixture formation after a liquid fuel spray is injected is crucial; hence, the need is readily apparent for experimental methods that allow determining characteristic parameters such as fuel/air ratio and gas temperature. The paper demonstrates the potential of the laser‐induced grating technique to determine simultaneously the local vapor phase...
Read MoreAnalysis of 1,3 dimethylamylamine concentrations in Geraniaceae , geranium oil and dietary supplements
Published: May 22, 2013
Author(s): Krista G. Austin, John Travis, Gerry Pace, Harris R. Lieberman
Journal: Drug Testing and Analysis
1,3‐Dimethylamylamine (DMAA) is a sympathomimetic compound currently incorporated into some dietary supplements. Significant controversy exists regarding the ‘natural’ origin of DMAA, as claimed by manufacturers of supplements. Manufacturers often refer to its presence by the name Geranamine® implying that DMAA is found in the plant species Geranium and Pelargonium known collectively as Geraniaceae. This study determined whether DMAA is present in...
Read MoreQuantification of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin in rodent brain by UHPLC/ESI‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS after intra‐nasal administration of curcuminoids loaded PNIPAM nanoparticles
Published: May 22, 2013
Author(s): Niyaz Ahmad, Musarrat Husain Warsi, Zeenat Iqbal, Mohd Samim, Farhan Jalees Ahmad
Journal: Drug Testing and Analysis
An ultra high performance liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization‐synapt mass spectrometric method (UHPLC/ESI‐QTOF‐MS/MS) for the analysis of curcumin (Cur), demethoxycurcumin (DMC), bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) in Wistar rat brain homogenate was developed and validated. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC™ BEH C18 (2.1mm × 100 mm; 1.7μm) column using isocratic mobile phase, consisting of...
Read MoreAluminium alloy corrosion inhibition by chromate‐free composition of zinc phosphate and ion‐exchanged zeolite
Published: May 21, 2013
Author(s): V. I. Pokhmurskii, I. M. Zin, L. M. Bily, V. A. Vynar, Ya I. Zin
Journal: Surface and Interface Analysis
Corrosion inhibition of aluminium alloy D16T by natural and calcium and zinc ion‐exchanged zeolites and their compositions with phosphate pigment was studied. Clinoptilolite, a natural zeolite from Sokyrnytsia deposit (Transcarpathian region, Ukraine), has been used in this study as a basic component. Protective properties of polyurethane coatings containing ion‐exchanged zeolites were investigated in acid rain solution. Direct current...
Read MoreIn vivo metabolism study of bergenin in rats by HPLC‐QTOF mass spectrometry
Published: May 20, 2013
Author(s): Haojing Song, Jin Wang, Rui Zhang, Xiaoyan Liu, Guiyan Yuan, Chunmin Wei, Wenjing Zhao, Rong Li, Benjie Wang, Ruichen Guo
Journal: Biomedical Chromatography
ABSTRACT Bergenin is the major component of Ardisia creanta sims and Rodgersia sambucifolia hemsl with many biological activities. Although bergenin has been used to treat human diseases in China for man years, there is no report regarding its metabolism. This is the first report to separate and identify the metabolites of bergenin in vivo. In the study, HPLC/Q‐TOF‐MS/MS was used to investigate the metabolites of bergenin in vivo by analyzing the rat body...
Read MoreAcute intoxication by synthetic cannabinoids – Four case reports
Published: May 20, 2013
Author(s): Maren Hermanns‐Clausen, Stefan Kneisel, Melanie Hutter, Bela Szabo, Volker Auwärter
Journal: Drug Testing and Analysis
Read MoreBody fluid and tissue analysis using filter paper sampling support prior to LC‐MS/MS: Application to fatal overdose with colchicine
Published: May 16, 2013
Author(s): Estelle Lauer, Christèle Widmer, François Versace, Christian Staub, Patrice Mangin, Sara Sabatasso, Marc Augsburger, Julien Déglon
Journal: Drug Testing and Analysis
Because of the various matrices available for forensic investigations, the development of versatile analytical approaches allowing the simultaneous determination of drugs is challenging. The aim of this work was to assess a liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) platform allowing the rapid quantification of colchicine in body fluids and tissues collected in the context of a fatal overdose. For this purpose, filter paper...
Read MoreNurse induced respiratory depression by succinylcholine – the ‘hero syndrome’
Published: May 15, 2013
Author(s): F. Musshoff, U. Kuepper, B. Madea
Journal: Drug Testing and Analysis
A nurse administered the neuromuscular blocking agent succinylcholine (SUX) to at least one patient and gave first aid in the therapy of unexpected respiratory depression. SUX is regarded as an undetectable and thus perfect poison due to its short half‐life and degradation to the endogenous compounds choline and succinic acid. However, SUX and especially its metabolite succinylmonocholine (SMC) were found in plasma and urine a few hours...
Read MoreCross‐reactivity of designer drugs, including cathinone derivatives, in commercial enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays
Published: May 15, 2013
Author(s): Madeleine J. Swortwood, W. Lee Hearn, Anthony P. DeCaprio
Journal: Drug Testing and Analysis
Since the introduction of synthetic heroin, designer drugs have been increasing in prevalence in the United States drug market over the past few decades. Recently, ‘legal highs’ sold as ‘bath salts’ have become a household term for one such class of designer drugs. While a number of federal and state bans have been enacted, the abuse of these designer drugs still continues. Few assays have been developed for the comprehensive detection of...
Read MorePolarization‐ and time‐resolved DFWM spectroscopy of the A 2 Σ + − X 2 Π (0,0) band transitions of nascent OH radicals generated by 266 nm laser photolysis of H 2 O 2
Published: May 15, 2013
Author(s): P. Maksyutenko, P. P. Radi, D. N. Kozlov, A. P. Kouzov
Journal: Journal of Raman Spectroscopy
The potential of a non‐linear spectroscopic technique – degenerate four‐wave mixing (DFWM) spectroscopy – for photo‐dissociation studies is investigated. By applying a carefully considered control of the input beam polarizations, the technique is used to measure the line shapes of specific rovibrational transitions in the A 2Σ+ − X 2Π (0,0) band of nascent OH radicals upon pulsed photo‐dissociation of H2O2. The photofragmentation is performed by...
Read More2D‐IR spectroscopy: an additional dimension to investigate ultrafast structural dynamics
Published: May 15, 2013
Author(s): Manuela Lima, Marco Candelaresi, Paolo Foggi
Journal: Journal of Raman Spectroscopy
We describe the theory, some experimental details and the data analysis procedures of two‐dimensional infrared (2D‐IR) spectroscopy. A brief description of an application of the technique to the study of a dipeptide in solution is also reported. Like multi‐dimensional NMR spectroscopy, 2D‐IR can provide additional pieces of information hidden in the inhomogenously broadened bands observed in linear IR spectra. In addition, the presence of...
Read MoreDTI of human skeletal muscle: the effects of diffusion encoding parameters, signal‐to‐noise ratio and T 2 on tensor indices and fiber tracts
Published: May 14, 2013
Author(s): Martijn Froeling, Aart J. Nederveen, Klaas Nicolay, Gustav J. Strijkers
Journal: NMR in Biomedicine
In this study, we have performed simulations to address the effects of diffusion encoding parameters, signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and T2 on skeletal muscle diffusion tensor indices and fiber tracts. Where appropriate, simulations were corroborated and validated by in vivo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of human skeletal muscle. Specifically, we have addressed: (i) the accuracy and precision of the diffusion parameters and eigenvectors at...
Read MoreMammalian cell metabolomics: Experimental design and sample preparation
Published: May 13, 2013
Author(s): Zacarías León, Juan C. García‐Cañaveras, María Teresa Donato, Agustín Lahoz
Journal: ELECTROPHORESIS
Metabolomics represents the global assessment of metabolites in a biological sample and reports the closest information to the phenotype of the biological system under study. Mammalian cell metabolomics has emerged as a promising tool with potential applications in many biotechnology and research areas. Metabolomics workflow includes experimental design, sampling, sample processing, metabolite analysis, and data processing. Given their...
Read MoreUPLC‐PDA‐TOF/MS coupled with multivariate statistical analysis to rapidly analyze and evaluate Ginkgo biloba leaves from different origin
Published: May 10, 2013
Author(s): Xin Yao, Guisheng Zhou, Yuping Tang, Sheng Guo, Yefei Qian, Chun Jin, Yong Qin, Dawei Qian, Jin‐ao Duan
Journal: Drug Testing and Analysis
In the present study, an ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector and time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐PDA‐TOF/MS) was proposed and validated for rapidly analyzing and evaluating Ginkgo biloba leaves from different origins by using multivariate statistical analysis. Batches of these kinds of G. biloba leaves were subjected to UPLC‐PDA‐TOF/MS analysis, the datasets of retention time (RT)‐m/z pairs, ion intensities and...
Read MorePreparation of sulfur reference materials that reproduce atmospheric particulate matter sample characteristics for XRF calibration
Published: May 9, 2013
Author(s): H. Indresand, W. H. White, K. Trzepla, A. M. Dillner
Journal: X-Ray Spectrometry
Energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) is an important tool used in routine elemental analysis of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) samples collected on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane filters. The method requires calibration against thin‐film standards of known elemental masses commonly obtained from commercial suppliers. These standards serve as a convenient and widely accepted interlaboratory reference but can differ...
Read MoreEffect of microstructure on the corrosion behaviour of extruded heat exchanger aluminium alloys
Published: May 9, 2013
Author(s): A. Laferrere, N. Parson, X. Zhou, G. Thompson
Journal: Surface and Interface Analysis
Aluminium extrusions used for heat transfer applications are exposed to corrosive environments, which can eventually lead to perforation of the tube by pitting. In this study, the effect of microstructure on the corrosion behaviour of extruded AA3XXX series alloys has been investigated. It was revealed that pits developed were purely crystallographic and a drop testing procedure was developed to simulate the seawater acetic acid test in a...
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