EarlyView Articles
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High‐resolution magic angle spinning 1 H MRS in prostate cancer
Published: Mar 26, 2013
Author(s): Emily A. Decelle, Leo L. Cheng
Journal: NMR in Biomedicine
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in men worldwide, largely as a result of the increased use of the annual serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) screening test for detection. PSA screening has saved lives, but it has also resulted in the overtreatment of many patients with PCa because of a limited ability to accurately localize and characterize PCa lesions through imaging. High‐resolution magic angle...
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Time‐resolved femtosecond CARS from 10 to 50 Bar: collisional sensitivity
Published: Mar 26, 2013
Author(s): Paul J. Wrzesinski, Hans U. Stauffer, Waruna D. Kulatilaka, James R. Gord, Sukesh Roy
Journal: Journal of Raman Spectroscopy
Femtosecond time‐resolved coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) measurements are performed on neat N2 and O2 as well as on N2 in the presence of various collisional partners to examine the effects of collisions on the observed signal at pressures as high as 50 bar. An exponential‐gap energy‐corrected‐sudden (ECS‐E) scaling law is used to model the rotational energy transfer of pure N2 at these elevated pressures. After accounting for...
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A low‐cost, mechanically simple apparatus for measuring eddy current‐induced magnetic fields in MRI
Published: Mar 22, 2013
Author(s): Kyle M. Gilbert, L. Martyn Klassen, Ravi S. Menon
Journal: NMR in Biomedicine
The fidelity of gradient waveforms in MRI pulse sequences is essential to the acquisition of images and spectra with minimal distortion artefacts. Gradient waveforms can become nonideal when eddy currents are created in nearby conducting structures; however, the resultant magnetic fields can be characterised and compensated for by measuring the spatial and temporal field response following a gradient impulse. This can be accomplished...
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Manganese‐enhanced MRI of rat brain based on slow cerebral delivery of manganese(II) with silica‐encapsulated Mn x Fe 1–x O nanoparticles
Published: Mar 22, 2013
Author(s): Wei Chen, Fang Lu, Chiao‐Chi V. Chen, Kuan‐Chi Mo, Yann Hung, Zhi‐Xuan Guo, Chia‐Hui Lin, Ming‐Huang Lin, Yu‐Hsuan Lin, Chen Chang, Chung‐Yuan Mou
Journal: NMR in Biomedicine
In this work, we report a monodisperse bifunctional nanoparticle system, MIO@SiO2‐RITC, as an MRI contrast agent [core, manganese iron oxide (MIO); shell, amorphous silica conjugated with rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC)]. It was prepared by thermal decomposition and modified microemulsion methods. The nanoparticles with varying iron to manganese ratios displayed different saturated magnetizations and relaxivities. In vivo MRI of rats injected...
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Raman characterization of the interactions between gliadins and anthocyanins
Published: Mar 22, 2013
Author(s): Paola Taddei, Nicola Zanna, Silvia Tozzi
Journal: Journal of Raman Spectroscopy
Gliadins, the major proteins of the wheat flour, are a family of monomeric and disulphide‐bonded proteins formed by a non‐repetitive domain rich in α‐helix structures and heterogeneous repetitive domains rich in β‐reverse turns. Gliadins may be strong food allergens, and many studies have explored the mechanisms of gluten allergenicity, with the final aim to properly modify gluten proteins in order to decrease...
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Synergistic effects of Cl − and Cu 2+ ions on corrosion of pure Al and Al alloys in aqueous solutions at 363 K
Published: Mar 21, 2013
Author(s): M. Chiba, Y. Nakayama, T. Hiraga, H. Takahashi, Y. Shibata
Journal: Surface and Interface Analysis
Pipes of 3003/4043 clad aluminum alloys are used in air conditioning systems and are exposed to flowing relatively high‐temperature solutions (353 – 373 K). In the present investigation, the corrosion behavior of pure aluminum and 1050‐, 3003‐, and 4043‐aluminum alloys was examined by immersing in 1.57 × 10−3 kmolm−3‐CuSO4 and 0.57 kmolm−3‐KCl solutions at 363 K for 1 week. Mass losses of the specimens during the immersion were measured after...
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Imaging, work function, and compositional changes of thiols on gold via shadow mask ozonolysis
Published: Mar 21, 2013
Author(s): Michael T. Brumbach, Cherno Jaye, James T. Ohlhausen, Daniel Fischer
Journal: Surface and Interface Analysis
Self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkyl and fluorinated thiols were investigated after ozonolysis shadow mask treatments with varying areal domains and after exposure to displacing thiols. Imaging near edge X‐ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy was used as a novel method for investigating the resulting heterogeneous SAM films. Composition and work function were characterized via X‐ray and ultraviolet photoelectron...
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Interplay between parameter variation and oxide structure of a modified PAA process
Published: Mar 21, 2013
Author(s): M. Schneider, K. Kremmer, S. K. Weidmann, W. Fürbeth
Journal: Surface and Interface Analysis
In the present work, the robustness of an anodizing process was tested. Important anodizing parameters such as the anodizing potential, the dwell time at the anodizing potential, and the bath temperature were varied. The influence of the parameter variation on the microstructure of the oxide layers was investigated by SEM. It could be shown that the pore diameter as well as the layer thickness reacts very sensitively on the alternating...
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Indirect enantioseparation of selenomethionine by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography using a newly synthesized chiral derivatizing reagent based on ( S )‐naproxen moiety
Published: Mar 21, 2013
Author(s): Ravi Bhushan, Hariom Nagar
Journal: Biomedical Chromatography
ABSTRACT (S)‐Naproxen was reacted with N‐hydroxyphthalimide in the presence of coupling reagent dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, and a new chiral derivatizing reagent, phthalimidyl‐(S)‐naproxen ester, was synthesized. It was characterized and was used for synthesis of diastereomers of selenomethionine via microwave irradiation or vortexing. The reaction conditions were optimized. Diastereomeric pairs synthesized by two approaches were successfully...
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Urine naloxone concentration at different phases of buprenorphine maintenance treatment
Published: Mar 19, 2013
Author(s): Pertti Heikman, Margareeta Häkkinen, Merja Gergov, Ilkka Ojanperä
Journal: Drug Testing and Analysis
In spite of the benefits of buprenorphine‐naloxone co‐formulation (BNX) in opioid maintenance treatment, the naloxone component has not prevented parenteral use of BNX. Current laboratory methods are not sufficient to differentiate between therapeutic and illicit use of buprenorphine, and little is known about urine naloxone concentrations. Measurement of urine naloxone, together with buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine, might help to...
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UHPLC‐MS/MS and UHPLC‐HRMS identification of zolpidem and zopiclone main urinary metabolites and method development for their toxicological determination
Published: Mar 19, 2013
Author(s): Sabina Strano Rossi, Luca Anzillotti, Erika Castrignanò, Giampietro Frison, Flavio Zancanaro, Marcello Chiarotti
Journal: Drug Testing and Analysis
Zolpidem and zopiclone (Z‐compounds) are non‐benzodiazepine hypnotics of new generation that can be used in drug‐facilitated sexual assault (DFSA). Their determination in biological fluids, mainly urine, is of primary importance; nevertheless, although they are excreted almost entirely as metabolites, available methods deal mainly with the determination of the unmetabolized drug. This paper describes a method for the determination in...
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Improved efficiency on editing MRS of lactate and γ‐aminobutyric acid by inclusion of frequency offset corrected inversion pulses at high fields
Published: Mar 18, 2013
Author(s): C. S. Arteaga de Castro, V. O. Boer, A. Andreychenko, J. P. Wijnen, U. A. Heide, P. R. Luijten, D. W. J. Klomp
Journal: NMR in Biomedicine
γ‐Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and lactate are metabolites which are present in the brain. These metabolites can be indicators of psychiatric disorders or tumor hypoxia, respectively. The measurement of these weakly coupled spin systems can be performed using MRS editing techniques; however, at high field strength, this can be challenging. This is due to the low available B1+ field at high fields, which results in narrow‐bandwidth refocusing pulses and,...
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In vitro mapping of 1 H ultrashort T 2 * and T 2 of porcine menisci
Published: Mar 18, 2013
Author(s): S. Kirsch, M. Kreinest, G. Reisig, M. L. R. Schwarz, P. Ströbel, L. R. Schad
Journal: NMR in Biomedicine
In this study, mapping of ultrashort T2 and T2* of acutely isolated porcine menisci at B0 = 9.4 T was investigated. Maps of T2 were measured from a slice through the pars intermedia with a spin echo‐prepared two‐dimensional ultrashort‐TE T2 mapping technique published previously. T2* mapping was performed by two‐dimensional ultrashort‐TE MRI with variable acquisition delay. The measured signal decays were fitted by monoexponential, biexponential and...
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Raman‐induced Kerr effect microscopy with balanced detection
Published: Mar 18, 2013
Author(s): Egle Molotokaite, Vikas Kumar, Cristian Manzoni, Dario Polli, Giulio Cerullo, Marco Marangoni
Journal: Journal of Raman Spectroscopy
We present a new coherent Raman scattering technique, which we call balanced‐detection Raman‐induced Kerr effect. The technique relies on a balanced detection architecture, inspired to that applied for electro‐optic sampling in the terahertz domain, which allows one to sensitively measure the Raman‐induced Kerr effect‐induced polarization rotation of the Stokes field. Balanced detection allows for an intrinsic rejection of laser noise,...
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SERS detection of benzophenones on viologen functionalized Ag nanoparticles: application to breakfast cereals
Published: Mar 18, 2013
Author(s): Enrica Droghetti, Francesco P. Nicoletti, Luca Guandalini, Gianluca Bartolucci, Giulietta Smulevich
Journal: Journal of Raman Spectroscopy
Silver (Ag) nanoparticles, as colloid suspensions or immobilized on an Ag plate, have been functionalized with the molecular assembler bis‐acridinium dication lucigenin (LG) and have been used as a chemical sensor system to detect benzophenone (BP) and 4‐methylbenzophenone (4MBP). The analytes strongly interact via their CO group with the N+–CH3 moiety of LG. Quantitative detection of BP and 4MBP had been obtained via a linear calibration curve by...
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31 P NMR relaxation of cortical bone mineral at multiple magnetic field strengths and levels of demineralization
Published: Mar 17, 2013
Author(s): Alan C. Seifert, Alexander C. Wright, Suzanne L. Wehrli, Henry H. Ong, Cheng Li, Felix W. Wehrli
Journal: NMR in Biomedicine
Recent work has shown that solid‐state 1H and 31P MRI can provide detailed insight into bone matrix and mineral properties, thereby potentially enabling differentiation of osteoporosis from osteomalacia. However, 31P MRI of bone mineral is hampered by unfavorable relaxation properties. Hence, accurate knowledge of these properties is critical to optimizing MRI of bone phosphorus. In this work, 31P MRI signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) was predicted on the...
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In situ SEM and ToF‐SIMS analysis of IgG conjugated gold nanoparticles at aqueous surfaces
Published: Mar 15, 2013
Author(s): Li Yang, Zihua Zhu, Xiao‐Ying Yu, Eugene Rodek, Lax Saraf, Theva Thevuthasan, James P. Cowin
Journal: Surface and Interface Analysis
In this study, we report new results of in situ study of 5 nm goat anti‐mouse IgG gold nanoparticles in a novel portable vacuum compatible microfluidic device using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS). The unique feature of the liquid flow cell is that the detection window is open to the vacuum allowing direct probing of the liquid surface. The flow cell is composed of a silicon...
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Enantiomeric separation of tolperisone and eperisone by reversed‐phase HPLC with cellulose tris(3‐chloro‐4‐methylphenylcarbamate)‐coated chiral column
Published: Mar 15, 2013
Author(s): Yuri Owada, Mizuho Takahashi, Sumiko Iwasa, Hideaki Ichiba, Kiyomi Sadamoto, Takeshi Fukushima
Journal: Biomedical Chromatography
ABSTRACT Enantiomeric separations of centrally acting muscle relaxants, that is, tolperisone (TOL) and eperisone (EP), that are marketed as racemates were investigated by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a polysaccharide‐based chiral column. Both TOL and EP are basic drugs because they contain a tertiary amino group and have similar chemical structures with the exception of the p‐methylphenyl and...
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Role of MRI in prostate cancer detection
Published: Mar 12, 2013
Author(s): Amita Shukla‐Dave, Hedvig Hricak
Journal: NMR in Biomedicine
The standard approach for the detection of prostate cancer ‐‐ prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) screening followed by transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)‐guided biopsy ‐‐ has low sensitivity and provides limited information about the true extent and aggressiveness of the cancer. Improved methods are needed to assess the extent and aggressiveness of the cancer and to identify patients who will benefit from therapy. In recent years, there has...
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Circulating microRNA as a biomarker of human growth hormone administration to patients
Published: Mar 12, 2013
Author(s): Brian N. Kelly, Doris M. Haverstick, Jae K. Lee, Michael O. Thorner, Mary Lee Vance, Wenjun Xin, David E. Bruns
Journal: Drug Testing and Analysis
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma are being studied for use as biomarkers of specific diseases and as markers of administration of pharmaceutical agents. Administration of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) is prohibited by sporting authorities, but it continues to be used by athletes attempting to gain an unfair advantage in athletic competition. Current methods for detection of rhGH use rely on immunoassay technology and are...
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