EarlyView Articles
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Nanoscale analyses of modified polypropylene microtubes internal surface: an approach covering topographical and force spectroscopic parameters
Published: Jul 12, 2013
Author(s): Eduardo F. Barbosa, Luciano P. Silva
Journal: Surface and Interface Analysis
A nanoscale characterization of modified and unmodified polypropylene (PP) microtubes internal surface was performed to investigate their structural, chemical, and physical properties. Nanoroughness, stiffness, elasticity, attraction behavior, adhesion forces, and chemical environment were investigated to test some manufacturer statements regarding Axygen MAXYMum Recovery® products. They announced that this class of material presented...
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Determination of antazoline hydrochloride in rat plasma and excreta by reversed‐phase ion‐pair chromatography and its application to pharmacokinetics
Published: Jul 12, 2013
Author(s): Rui Wang, Yanle Chu, Xiaotian Li, Baoluo Wan, Tong Yu, Linxi Wang, Lianqi Hao, Maowen Guo
Journal: Biomedical Chromatography
ABSTRACT A reversed‐phase ion pair chromatography method with liquid–liquid extraction analytical method was developed and validated for the determination of antazoline hydrochloride in plasma and excreta of rat. The aim of our study was to characterize the preclinical pharmacokinetics and excretion profiles of antazoline hydrochloride in rats after intravenous injection at the dose of 10 mg/kg. Plasma and excreta samples were...
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Identification of the metabolites of anti‐inflammatory compound clematichinenoside AR in rat intestinal microflora
Published: Jul 12, 2013
Author(s): Feng Li, Dawei Wang, Ping Xu, Jie Wu, Li Liu, Xiaodong Liu
Journal: Biomedical Chromatography
ABSTRACT Clematichinenoside AR (C‐AR), a pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin with anti‐inflammatory and anti‐rheumatoid activities, is the main active component of the traditional Chinese medicine Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma. However, its poor oral absorption indicated that not only the parent compound C‐AR itself, but also its metabolites could be responsible for the pharmacological effects in rats. The present study aimed to investigate the...
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Evaluation of calcipotriol transdermal permeation through pig, rat and mouse skin using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Published: Jul 12, 2013
Author(s): Xiaojiao Li, Jing Wang, Guoqing Li, Changqing Lin, Xueju Zhang, Yantong Sun, Yan Yang, Jingkai Gu
Journal: Biomedical Chromatography
ABSTRACT A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric method to evaluate the permeation and retention of calcipotriol in excised samples of pig, rat and mouse skin after application of a calcipotriol ointment has been developed and validated. After sample preparation of ointment, skin homogenate and receptor medium by liquid–liquid extraction, chromatography was performed on an Extend‐C18 column using...
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Dynamics of amino acid utilization in P haeobacter inhibens DSM 17395
Published: Jul 11, 2013
Author(s): Hajo Zech, Michael Hensler, Sebastian Koßmehl, Katharina Drüppel, Lars Wöhlbrand, Kathleen Trautwein, Thomas Colby, Jürgen Schmidt, Richard Reinhardt, Kerstin Schmidt‐Hohagen, Dietmar Schomburg, Ralf Rabus
Journal: PROTEOMICS
Time‐resolved utilization of multiple amino acids by Phaeobacter inhibens DSM 17395 was studied during growth with casamino acids. The 15 detected amino acids could be grouped according to depletion rate into four different categories, i.e. from rapid (category I) to nondepletion (category IV). Upon entry into stationary growth phase, amino acids of category I (e.g. glutamate) were (almost) completely depleted, while those of categories II (e.g. ...
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Analyses of anticancer drugs by capillary electrophoresis: a review
Published: Jul 11, 2013
Author(s): Imran Ali, Ashanul Haque, Waseem A. Wani, Kishwar Saleem, Mohammed Al Za'abi
Journal: Biomedical Chromatography
ABSTRACT Capillary electrophoresis is a fast, inexpensive and low detection limit technique for the analysis of anticancer drugs. It has been used to analyze various anticancer drugs in biological samples, pharmaceutical preparations and environmental matrices. It has also been used to detect various cancer biomarkers in cancer patients. The present article describes the state‐of‐the art of capillary electrophoresis for the analyses...
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Combined solid‐phase microextraction and high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultroviolet detection for simultaneous analysis of clenbuterol, salbutamol and ractopamine in pig samples
Published: Jul 11, 2013
Author(s): Wei Du, Siruo Zhang, Qiang Fu, Gang Zhao, Chun Chang
Journal: Biomedical Chromatography
ABSTRACT A simple and sensitive method based on the combination of solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) and high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultroviolet detection was developed for the simultaneous determination of clenbuterol, salbutamol and ractopamine in pig samples. Parameters of the SPME procedure affecting extraction efficiency, such as the type of fiber, extraction time, extraction temperature, ion strength, pH of...
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Development of an LC‐MS/MS method for quantification of kadsurenone in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study
Published: Jul 11, 2013
Author(s): Nan Zhang, Rui Li, Haiyao Yu, Dan Shi, Ning Dong, Sixi Zhang, Helei Wang
Journal: Biomedical Chromatography
ABSTRACT A sensitive and rapid LC‐MS/MS method was developed and validated for the determination of kadsurenone in rat plasma using lysionotin as the internal standard (IS). The analytes were extracted from rat plasma with acetonitrile and separated on a SB‐C18 column (50 × 2.1 mm, i.d.; 1.8 µm) at 30 °C. Elution was achieved with a mobile phase consisting of methanol–water–formic acid (65:35:0.1, v/v/v) at a flow rate of...
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Dynamics of Cu monomer, dimer and trimer on Ag (110) (1 × 2) missing‐row reconstructed surface
Published: Jul 11, 2013
Author(s): Khalid Sbiaai, Yahia Boughaleb, M'hammed Mazroui, Abdelkader Kara
Journal: Surface and Interface Analysis
The authors aimed to investigate the diffusion of Cu monomer, dimer and trimer on Ag (110) (1×2) missing‐row surface. This problem is addressed through molecular dynamic simulation based on semi‐empirical many‐body potential, derived from the embedded atom method. Within this approach, we have identified and calculated the activation energy of each microscopic mechanism. Thus, for Cu monomer, the diffusion process occurs essentially by...
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Determination of hypoglycaemia induced by insulin or its synthetic analogues post mortem
Published: Jul 11, 2013
Author(s): C. Hess, B. Madea, T. Daldrup, F. Musshoff
Journal: Drug Testing and Analysis
The determination of human insulin or its synthetic analogues in post‐mortem specimens represents a challenge for forensic toxicologists due to its proven instability in post‐mortem blood. We present two cases of an insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia. In the first case, ante‐mortem material was available for the detection of an injection with human insulin. Human insulin was detected by immunopurification with magnetic beads and liquid...
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Variability in fasting lipid and glycogen contents in hepatic and skeletal muscle tissue in subjects with and without type 2 diabetes: a 1 H and 13 C MRS study
Published: Jul 9, 2013
Author(s): M. C. Stephenson, E. Leverton, E. Y. H. Khoo, S. M. Poucher, L. Johansson, J. A. Lockton, J. W. Eriksson, P. Mansell, P. G. Morris, I. A. MacDonald
Journal: NMR in Biomedicine
The measurement of tissue lipid and glycogen contents and the establishment of normal levels of variability are important when assessing changes caused by pathology or treatment. We measured hepatic and skeletal muscle lipid and glycogen levels using 1H and 13C MRS at 3 T in groups of subjects with and without type 2 diabetes. Within‐visit reproducibility, due to repositioning and instrument errors was determined from repeat measurements...
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Simultaneous estimation of retention times of overlapping primary peaks in comprehensive two‐dimensional GC
Published: Jul 9, 2013
Author(s): Zhong‐Da Zeng, Helmut M. Hugel, Philip J. Marriott
Journal: Journal of Separation Science
A general approach is developed to estimate the retention time (tR) of overlapping primary peaks in comprehensive 2D GC without assumptions such as the limitation of modulation ratio or symmetry of the target primary peak. Accurate determination of tR can recover the original peak profile by using mathematical fitting. First, the modulation pattern of the first‐dimension peak in the second dimension is summarized with the number of major modulation...
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Synchrotron radiation analysis in the study of pollution in the ring‐billed gull ( larus delawarensis ): a novel application of the technique
Published: Jul 9, 2013
Author(s): Ronald R. Martin, Steven J. Naftel, Stéphanie M. Doucet, Daniel Hanley, Christopher G. Weisner
Journal: X-Ray Spectrometry
Synchrotron radiation analysis is a powerful tool for identifying pollutants. Here, we explore the distribution of elements in the flight feathers of ring‐billed gulls, Larus delawarensis, to identify potential pollutants and their distribution throughout the feather. Our analysis using Synchrotron Radiation Analysis and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy has identified a variety of metals that are integral parts of the feather...
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Volcanic glass under fire – a comparison of three complementary analytical methods
Published: Jul 9, 2013
Author(s): Fabienne M. Eder, Christian Neelmeijer, Nicholas J.G. Pearce, Max Bichler, Johannes H. Sterba, Theodoros Ntaflos, Silke Merchel
Journal: X-Ray Spectrometry
The two obsidian sources from the island of Melos (Greece), Agia Nychia and Demenegakion, are chemically characterized by three complementary analytical techniques. Ion beam analysis (IBA) comprising particle induced X‐ray emission and particle induced gamma‐ray emission, neutron activation analysis (NAA) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) is applied to the same set of geological obsidian samples. ...
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TXRF quantification of interfering heavy metals using deconvolution, cross‐correlation, and external standard calibration
Published: Jul 9, 2013
Author(s): M. Santibáñez, L. Bennun, L. M. Marcó‐Parra
Journal: X-Ray Spectrometry
We developed a general procedure that includes external standard calibration and a deconvolution of spectral signals, which determined with high accuracy the relative proportion and absolute quantification of elements that habitually overlap in total reflection X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The deconvolution proposed takes advantage of the well‐known method of a cross‐correlation technique, offering improvements in identification of...
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Application of a portable XRF analyzer to investigate the medieval wall paintings of Yemrehanna Krestos Church, Ethiopia
Published: Jul 9, 2013
Author(s): Kidane Fanta Gebremariam, Lise Kvittingen, Florinel‐Gabriel Banica
Journal: X-Ray Spectrometry
Despite the large body of ancient Ethiopian works of art in the form of murals, icons, and illuminated manuscripts, the physicochemical examinations carried out on them are few. This study is an in situ investigation of the wall paintings in the early 12th century Yemrehanna Krestos Church, Ethiopia. Fast, onsite, nondestructive analysis of the painting materials was carried out using a portable X‐ray energy fluorescence dispersive spectrometer. It ...
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Muzzle‐to‐target distance determination by X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry
Published: Jul 9, 2013
Author(s): J. F. Fonseca, M. M. Cruz, M. L. Carvalho
Journal: X-Ray Spectrometry
One of the most important aspects of the criminal investigation of a shooting incident is the target‐to‐muzzle distance determination. This determination can establish the relative positions of the shooter and the victim or even help to establish the shooters' intent. Forensic laboratories use chemographic tests as the standard procedure for this kind of analysis. These tests require the preparation of...
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Study of the effect of laser treatment on the initial oxidation behaviour of Al‐coated NiCrAlY bond‐coat
Published: Jul 8, 2013
Author(s): C. Zhu, A. Javed, P. Li, G. Y. Liang, P. Xiao
Journal: Surface and Interface Analysis
In this study, the initial oxidation behaviour of laser‐treated Al/NiCrAlY bond‐coat is investigated. Two approaches, (i) Al film sputtering on the surface of bond‐coat and (ii) laser treatment, have been taken to enhance the oxidation resistance of NiCrAlY bond‐coat. Experimental results showed that after laser treatment, the Al/NiCrAlY bond‐coat exhibited a columnar dendritic microstructure without cracks and voids. A dense and...
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Regular arrays of triangular‐microstructure formed on silicon (111) surface via ultrafast laser irradiation in KOH solution
Published: Jul 8, 2013
Author(s): Ji‐Hong Zhao, Chun‐Hao Li, Zhen‐Hua Lv, Ying Xu
Journal: Surface and Interface Analysis
The regular micrometer‐scale triangular arrays were formed using ultrafast femtosecond laser irradiation on (111) surface of silicon wafer immersed in KOH solution (0.1 g/ml). At low laser fluence, the resulting surface is covered by triangular pits microstructures, whereas at high laser fluence, the structures are transformed to multilayer‐triangular stacks‐microstructures. The number of triangular stacks layer increased as the laser...
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Spectroscopic ellipsometry investigations of porous SiO 2 films prepared by glancing angle deposition
Published: Jul 8, 2013
Author(s): Shenghong Yang, Yueli Zhang
Journal: Surface and Interface Analysis
We present the optical and the structural properties of porous SiO2 films fabricated by using a glancing angle deposition technique. The influence of the glancing angle on the pseudorefractive index of porous SiO2 films was studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry in the UV–visible region. The relationships among the pseudorefractive index, the porosity, and the glancing angle are determined. The results show that the pseudorefractive index decreases...
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